[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.kpso.cz\/stirlinguv-motor\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.kpso.cz\/stirlinguv-motor\/","headline":"Stirling\u016fv motor","name":"Stirling\u016fv motor","description":"Stirling\u016fv motor funguje na principu parn\u00edho stroje s t\u00edm rozd\u00edlem, \u017ee je oh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n zven\u010d\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se p\u0159ede\u0161lo nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdbuch\u016fm parn\u00edch kotl\u016f. Vynalezl jej jeden skotsk\u00fd kn\u011bz jm\u00e9nem Stirling. Byl to pouh\u00fd (ale p\u0159evratn\u00fd) zlep\u0161ov\u00e1k ve stolet\u00ed p\u00e1ry. Vypadalo to asi tak, \u017ee jste zatopili pod hlavn\u00ed oh\u0159evn\u00ed komorou. V t\u00e9 se tepl\u00fd vzduch rozp\u00ednal a […]","datePublished":"2019-11-04","dateModified":"2023-05-02","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.kpso.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.kpso.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/eaa8d03c255e1a749937a03afe319562d500ac9ddac78a88a8e436c8d21c5e47?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/eaa8d03c255e1a749937a03afe319562d500ac9ddac78a88a8e436c8d21c5e47?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"kpso.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.kpso.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a361237_w2992_t1574587471.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.kpso.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a361237_w2992_t1574587471.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.kpso.cz\/stirlinguv-motor\/","about":["Technika"],"wordCount":668,"articleBody":"Stirling\u016fv motor funguje na principu parn\u00edho stroje s t\u00edm rozd\u00edlem, \u017ee je oh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n zven\u010d\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se p\u0159ede\u0161lo nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdbuch\u016fm parn\u00edch kotl\u016f. Vynalezl jej jeden skotsk\u00fd kn\u011bz jm\u00e9nem Stirling. Byl to pouh\u00fd (ale p\u0159evratn\u00fd) zlep\u0161ov\u00e1k ve stolet\u00ed p\u00e1ry. Vypadalo to asi tak, \u017ee jste zatopili pod hlavn\u00ed oh\u0159evn\u00ed komorou. V t\u00e9 se tepl\u00fd vzduch rozp\u00ednal a vytla\u010doval vzh\u016fru pracovn\u00ed p\u00edst. Pracovn\u00ed p\u00edst pooto\u010dil celou soupravou v\u010detn\u011b setrva\u010dn\u00edku a vzal s sebou i p\u0159ehan\u011b\u010d um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fd v komo\u0159e, kter\u00fd byl v\u0161ak v\u016f\u010di pracovn\u00edmu p\u00edstu pooto\u010den o devades\u00e1t stup\u0148\u016f.Kdy\u017e se pracovn\u00ed p\u00edst dostal na vrchol sv\u00e9ho zdvihu, vzduch se zchladil (syst\u00e9m chlazen\u00ed je tak\u00e9 velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd \u2013 \u010d\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed je rozd\u00edl teplot mezi komorou a zbytkem motoru, t\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch ot\u00e1\u010dek m\u016f\u017eeme dos\u00e1hnout a ruku v ruce s t\u00edm se tak\u00e9 zvy\u0161uje v\u00fdkon a s\u00edla motoru), zmen\u0161il sv\u016fj obsah a vytvo\u0159il v pevn\u011b uzav\u0159en\u00e9m izolovan\u00e9m okruhu podtlak. (P\u0159ehan\u011b\u010d se v tuto chv\u00edli ocit\u00e1 v nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti komory, aby se ochladilo co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed vzduchu.) Tento podtlak vyvol\u00e1 sta\u017een\u00ed pracovn\u00edho p\u00edstu zp\u011bt sm\u011brem dovnit\u0159 a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem se cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m pooto\u010d\u00ed o zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed polovinu. Na p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed mrtv\u00e9ho bodu mezi t\u011bmito dv\u011bma polovinami ot\u00e1\u010dky je nutn\u00fd pr\u00e1v\u011b setrva\u010dn\u00edk, kter\u00fd zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 kinetickou energii a dok\u00e1\u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b svou setrva\u010dnost\u00ed udr\u017eet pohyb na dostate\u010dn\u00fd \u010das pot\u0159ebn\u00fd k tomu, aby mohl zas p\u0159evz\u00edt vedouc\u00ed pozici pracovn\u00ed p\u00edst.Tento p\u0159\u00edstroj byl p\u0159ece jen m\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdkonn\u00fd, ne\u017e parn\u00ed motor, ale z\u00edskal si na oblib\u011b sv\u00fdm nehlu\u010dn\u00fdm a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm bezpe\u010dn\u00fdm provozem.U\u017e jsme od t\u00e9 doby sta\u010dili na tento vyn\u00e1lez zapomenout, av\u0161ak ned\u00e1vno jej v\u011bdci znovu opr\u00e1\u0161ili. Byl pou\u017eit jako motor v ponork\u00e1ch, existuj\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy mal\u00fdch motorek, kter\u00e9 by j\u00edm byly poh\u00e1n\u011bny. Pomoc\u00ed tohoto motoru lze vyr\u00e1b\u011bt energii elektrickou, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 nad\u00e1le vyu\u017e\u00edvat teplo, kter\u00e9 j\u00edm prakticky jen projde. V tom tkv\u00ed jeho velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Dnes se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v kogenera\u010dn\u00edch jednotk\u00e1ch. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee teplo, kter\u00e9 vytvo\u0159\u00edme nap\u0159\u00edklad spalov\u00e1n\u00edm tepla, pou\u017eijeme na v\u00fdrobu elektrick\u00e9 energie pr\u00e1v\u011b pomoc\u00ed tohoto motoru a jak bonus z\u00edsk\u00e1me teplou vodu. Jak u\u017e jsme si \u0159\u00edkali, chlazen\u00ed je jedn\u00edm z d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch aspekt\u016f cel\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu \u2013 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozd\u00edl teplot, v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost. A tak voda, kterou budeme motor chladit, bude z\u00e1rove\u0148 oh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1na a my tak maxim\u00e1ln\u011b vyu\u017eijeme energii vytvo\u0159enou spalov\u00e1n\u00edm d\u0159eva. Tato varianta za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 b\u00fdt podporov\u00e1na jak z hlediska ekonomie, tak z hlediska ekologie.Viz\u00ed budoucnosti jsou pak sol\u00e1rn\u00ed Stirlingovy motory, kter\u00e9 dnes existuj\u00ed jen v pou\u0161t\u00edch Kalifornie a nejsou je\u0161t\u011b zcela dota\u017een\u00e9 do konce. V podstat\u011b jde o to, \u017ee do soustavy parabolick\u00fdch zrcadel chyt\u00e1me slune\u010dn\u00ed paprsky, kter\u00e9 v ohnisku vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed obrovskou teplotu, kter\u00e1 pak motor poh\u00e1n\u00ed. Ale te\u010f si p\u0159edstavte, \u017ee nam\u00edsto zrcadel um\u00edst\u00edme fotovoltaick\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky a z\u00e1zrak je na sv\u011bt\u011b. Krom\u011b energie z\u00edskan\u00e9 ze slune\u010dn\u00edch paprsk\u016f pomoc\u00ed sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f z\u00edsk\u00e1me i energii z tepla uvol\u0148ovan\u00e9ho se p\u0159i tomto procesu. A kdy\u017e motory je\u0161t\u011b navrch budeme chladit vodou proud\u00edc\u00ed v potrub\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eeme si takto z\u00edskan\u00fd teplovod rozv\u00e9st po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.3\/5 - (9 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Stirling\u016fv motor","item":"https:\/\/www.kpso.cz\/stirlinguv-motor\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]